<div dir="ltr">Thanks for the information!!</div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all"><div><div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>Myrna Cross</em></font></strong></div><div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>Director, Financial Aid</em></font></strong></div>
<div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>Western Oklahoma State College</em></font></strong></div><div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>2801 N. Main</em></font></strong></div><div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>Altus, OK 73521</em></font></strong></div>
<div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>580-477-7712</em></font></strong></div><div><strong><font color="#009900"><em>580-477-7716 fax</em></font></strong></div></div>
<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Tue, Oct 8, 2013 at 1:48 PM, Duke, Tracey E. <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:tduke@ou.edu" target="_blank">tduke@ou.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt">Hello,
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt">Caryn asked me to research this issue and here is what our legal counsel sent to me.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt">Common Law Marriage in Oklahoma</span></b><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">The concept of common law marriage is perhaps one of the most misunderstood than any other area of family law. In its most basic form, common law marriage is a consensual non-ceremonial marriage
between a man and a woman. It is a matrimonial bond that is formed by the consent of the parties as opposed to meeting all the state-imposed requirements of a ceremony and a license.
</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Common law marriage was well-established as a part of the English common law and ultimately adopted in Oklahoma by the Territorial Supreme Court in the case of Reaves v. Reaves, 1905 OK 32, 15
Okla. 240, 82 P. 490 (1905). The Reaves court held that Oklahoma law requiring a license, witnesses, and a certificate of marriage are simply directory and not mandatory.</span><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">1</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt">
In short, “[A] common law marriage is formed when a ‘the minds of the parties meet in consent at the same time.’
</span><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">2</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Many Oklahomans are under the misconception that by simply living together for a period of time, a couple has established a common law marriage. That misconception, however, is untrue. Oklahoma
cases identify three elements which must be proven in order for a common law marriage to exist. Those elements include:
</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">1.</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:7pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">An actual and mutual agreement between the spouses to be husband and wife;</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">2.</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:7pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">A permanent relationship;</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">3.</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:7pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">An exclusive relationship;</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">4.</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:7pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">Parties are legally capable of marriage (over 18, opposite sex);</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">5.</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:7pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">Cohabitation as husband and wife (there is a split of authority on this one); and</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">6.</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:7pt">
</span><span lang="EN" style="background:yellow;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";font-size:12pt">Parties hold themselves out publicly as husband and wife (open mutual assumption of marital duties).</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">The person seeking to establish a finding of common law marriage has the burden of proving each of the elements outlined above by a clear and convincing standard.</span><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">4</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">House Bill 2634 recently passed the Oklahoma House of Representatives. This measure would require that couples undergo a minimum of two hours of counseling before they can marry. In addition, this
bill also abolishes the concept of common law marriage. With this legislation currently pending, the future of common law marriage remains uncertain within the State of Oklahoma. As for now, however, it stands firm as a part of our adoption of the English
common law. </span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">1
</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt">See Reeves v. Reeves, 1905 OK 32, 82 P.2d 490 (Okla. Terr. 1905)
</span><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">442</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt">
</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">2</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"> Standefer v. Standefer, 2001 OK 37, 26 P.3d 104, quoting Reaves v. Reaves, 1905 OK 32, 82 P. 490
</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">3
</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Bothwell v. Way, 1914 OK 571, 44 Okla. 555, 145 P. 350 (1914); Cavanaugh v. Cavanaugh, 1929 OK 101, 135 Okla. 204, 275 P. 315 (1929); Vann v. Vann, 1939 OK 495, 186 Okla. 42, 96 P.2d 76 (1939); Maxfield v. Maxfield,
1953 OK 390, 258 P.2d 915 (Okla. 1953). </span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Courier New";font-size:10pt">4
</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Maxfield v. Maxfield, 1953 OK 390, 258 P.2d 915, 921 (Okla. 1953).
</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125)">At the time this summary was written, House Bill 2634 was pending (2010) in the Oklahoma legislature. That bill would have outlawed common law marriages after November 1, 2010. However HB 2634 was not passed
or codified into law, so they are technically still recognized in Oklahoma, but only because of case law, not statute.
</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125)">SO, I would tell your team that <span style="background:yellow">
CLM’s are still recognized</span>, but that the burden of proof is on the individuals claiming CLM. They must provide “clear and convincing” evidence to satisfy each of the requirements above.
</span><span lang="EN" style="color:rgb(31,73,125)">This can be done with evidence such as joint income tax returns, joint financial accounts, jointly held assets, joint credit, medical records, insurance records, introductions and comments to third parties, hotel
receipts, and any number of other sources. </span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt">Hope it helps.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:14pt">Tracey Duke<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:14pt">Assoc. Dir., Special Programs<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:14pt">Office of Financial Aid Services<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:14pt">The University of Oklahoma<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:14pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(192,80,77);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";font-size:8pt"><img width="155" height="152" alt="The University of Oklahoma" src="cid:image001.png@01CEC42D.02995A20"></span><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:14pt"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border-width:1pt medium medium;border-style:solid none none;border-color:rgb(181,196,223) currentColor currentColor;padding:3pt 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-size:10pt">From:</span></b><span style="font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-size:10pt"> <a href="mailto:oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Tami Garcia<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, August 14, 2013 10:11 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> myrna cross<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Diana Lee; <a href="mailto:oasfaa@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">oasfaa@lists.onenet.net</a></span><div><div class="h5"><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Oasfaa] Difficult verification<u></u><u></u></div></div><p></p>
</p></div>
</div><div><div class="h5">
<p class="MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span>I actually found information showing that it does from several "Federal" sources.
<br>
<br>
The NOLO website lists all the states which allow Common Law Marriage and Oklahoma is listed. There are 16 of them, but some have restrictions like "Only if before
<span>1/1/97</span>". Oklahoma does not have any restrictions on theirs. The USCIS website (Homeland Security) also lists Oklahoma as a state that does recognize Common Law Marriage and defines what is required. The Department of Labor also
lists Oklahoma as a Common Law Marriage state in their Common Law Marriage Handbook.
<br>
<br>
So, I would count them as married and verify them that way.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"><span>
<hr width="100%" size="2" align="center">
</span></div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><b><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">From:
</span></b><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">"myrna cross" <<a href="mailto:myrna.cross@wosc.edu" target="_blank">myrna.cross@wosc.edu</a>><br>
<b>To: </b>"Teresa Franklin" <<a href="mailto:Teresa.Franklin@twsweld.com" target="_blank">Teresa.Franklin@twsweld.com</a>><br>
<b>Cc: </b>"Diana Lee" <<a href="mailto:dlee@snu.edu" target="_blank">dlee@snu.edu</a>>, <a href="mailto:oasfaa@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">
oasfaa@lists.onenet.net</a><br>
<b>Sent: </b>Wednesday, August 14, 2013 9:49:19 AM<br>
<b>Subject: </b>Re: [Oasfaa] Difficult verification<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">I think there is conflicting information and controversy about Common Law in Oklahoma. I've looked for information several times and find documentation that says Oklahoma does
recognize Common Law and other sources that says it doesn't.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><br clear="all">
<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Myrna Cross</span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Director, Financial Aid</span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Western Oklahoma State College</span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">2801 N. Main</span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Altus, OK 73521</span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><a href="tel:580-477-7712" target="_blank" value="+15804777712">580-477-7712</a></span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="color:rgb(0,153,0);font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><a href="tel:580-477-7716" target="_blank" value="+15804777716">580-477-7716</a> fax</span></b></em><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">On Tue, Aug 13, 2013 at 5:33 PM, Teresa Franklin <<a href="mailto:Teresa.Franklin@twsweld.com" target="_blank">Teresa.Franklin@twsweld.com</a>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt">Oklahoma does not recognize common law anymore. I would say she just needs to amend the taxes.</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"> </span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt">Thanks,</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"> </span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";font-size:11pt"> </span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-size:10pt">From:</span></b><span style="font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-size:10pt">
<a href="mailto:oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net</a> [mailto:<a href="mailto:oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">oasfaa-bounces@lists.onenet.net</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Financial Aid Director<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, August 13, 2013 5:21 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Diana Lee<br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:oasfaa@lists.onenet.net" target="_blank">oasfaa@lists.onenet.net</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Oasfaa] Difficult verification</span><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>If they file together as married, then I would verify them as being married. I think that might be grounds for common law marriage in the State of OK.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12pt"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>On Tue, Aug 13, 2013 at 2:41 PM, Diana Lee <<a href="mailto:dlee@snu.edu" target="_blank">dlee@snu.edu</a>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>All,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>How would you handle the following situation:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Student (27 yrs old) and has a baby, and she lives with the baby's daddy. The problem is that they file their taxes together as married filing jointly.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Your thoughts?<br clear="all">
<br>
-- <u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Diana Lee<u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Director Financial Assistance<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>NCAA Compliance<br>
Southern Nazarene University<br>
Phone: <a href="tel:405-491-6310" target="_blank">405-491-6310</a><br>
<br>
"An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest." Ben Franklin<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span><br>
<br clear="all">
<br>
-- <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS"">Kellye Johnson</span></i></strong><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS"">Director of Financial Aid</span></i></strong><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS"">Southwestern Christian University</span></i></strong><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS"">7210 NW 39th Expressway</span></i></strong><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS"">Bethany, OK 73008-2335</span></i></strong><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS""><a href="mailto:fadirector@swcu.edu" target="_blank">fadirector@swcu.edu</a></span></i></b><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS""><a href="tel:405-789-7661%20ext.3456" target="_blank">405-789-7661 ext.3456</a></span></i></b><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Comic Sans MS"">Fax:
<a href="tel:405-495-0078" target="_blank">405-495-0078</a></span></i></b><span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<pre><span>prohibited.<u></u><u></u></span></pre>
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